Hadiths
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، – رضى الله عنه – قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: “إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلاَلَ فَصُومُوا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَصُومُوا ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْمًا ” .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: “Whenever you sight the new moon (of the month of Ramadan) observe fast, and when you sight it (the new moon of Shawwal) break it, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then observe fast for thirty days”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2378
عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، أَنَّ أُمَّ الْفَضْلِ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ، بَعَثَتْهُ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ بِالشَّامِ قَالَ فَقَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَقَضَيْتُ حَاجَتَهَا وَاسْتُهِلَّ عَلَىَّ رَمَضَانُ وَأَنَا بِالشَّامِ فَرَأَيْتُ الْهِلاَلَ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فِي آخِرِ الشَّهْرِ فَسَأَلَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ – رضى الله عنهما – ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ مَتَى رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلاَلَ فَقُلْتُ رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ الْجُمُعَةِ . فَقَالَ أَنْتَ رَأَيْتَهُ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ وَرَآهُ النَّاسُ وَصَامُوا وَصَامَ مُعَاوِيَةُ . فَقَالَ لَكِنَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ لَيْلَةَ السَّبْتِ فَلاَ نَزَالُ نَصُومُ حَتَّى نُكْمِلَ ثَلاَثِينَ أَوْ نَرَاهُ . فَقُلْتُ أَوَلاَ تَكْتَفِي بِرُؤْيَةِ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَصِيَامِهِ فَقَالَ لاَ هَكَذَا أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم . وَشَكَّ يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى فِي نَكْتَفِي أَوْ تَكْتَفِي .
Kurayb said: Umm Fadl, daughter of Harith, sent him (Fadl, i.e. her son) to Mu’awiyah in Syria. I (Fadl) arrived in Syria, and did the needful for her. It was there in Syria that the month of Ramadan commenced. I saw the new moon (of Ramadan) on Friday. I then came back to Medina at the end of the month. Abdullah ibn Abbas asked me (about the new moon of Ramadan) and said: When did you see it? I said: We saw it on Friday night. He said: (Did) you see it yourself? I said: Yes, and the people also saw it so they observed fast and Mu’awiyah also observed fast. Thereupon he said: But we saw it on Saturday night. So we shall continue to observe the fast until we complete thirty (fasts) or we see it (the new moon of Shawwal). I said: Is the sighting of the moon by Mu’awiyah not valid for you? He said: No; this is how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has commanded us. Yahya bin Yahya was in doubt (whether the word used in the narration by Kurayb) was Naktafi or Taktafi.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2391
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، – رضى الله عنه – أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: “ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمِّيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعَدَدَ ” .
Abu Hurairah (RA) reported Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: “Observe fast on sighting it (the new moon) and break (fast) on sighting it (the new moon), but if the sky is cloudy for you, then complete the number (of thirty)”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2379
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، – رضى الله عنه – يَقُولُ قَالَ ﷺ: “صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمِّيَ عَلَيْكُمُ الشَّهْرُ فَعُدُّوا ثَلاَثِينَ ”.
Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: “Observe fast on sighting it (the new moon) and break it on sighting it. But if (due to clouds) the actual position of the month is concealed from you, you should then count thirty (days)”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2380
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، – رضى الله عنه – قَالَ قَالَ ﷺ: “إِذَا رَأَيْتُمُ الْهِلاَلَ فَصُومُوا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَأَفْطِرُوا فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَصُومُوا ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْمًا ”.
Abu Huraira reported Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: “Whenever you sight the new moon (of the month of Ramadan) observe fast, and when you sight it (the new moon of Shawwal) break it, and if the sky is cloudy for you, then observe fast for thirty days”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2378
عَنْ أَبِي الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، قَالَ خَرَجْنَا لِلْعُمْرَةِ فَلَمَّا نَزَلْنَا بِبَطْنِ نَخْلَةَ – قَالَ – تَرَاءَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثٍ . وَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ قَالَ فَلَقِينَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّا رَأَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ ثَلاَثٍ وَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ . فَقَالَ أَىَّ لَيْلَةٍ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَيْلَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا . فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: “إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَدَّهُ لِلرُّؤْيَةِ فَهُوَ لِلَيْلَةِ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ ”.
Abul Bakhtari reported: We went out to perform ‘Umrah and when we encamped in the valley of Nakhlah, we tried to see the new moon. Some of the people said: It was three nights old, and others (said) that it was two nights old. We then met Ibn ‘Abbas and told him we had seen the new moon, but that some of the people said it was three nights old and others that it was two nights old. He asked on which night we had seen it; and when we told him we had seen it on such and such night, he said the Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) had said: “Verily Allah deferred it till the time it is seen, so it is to be reckoned from the night you saw it”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2392
عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ الأَعْرَجِ، قَالَ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ – رضى الله عنهما – وَهُوَ مُتَوَسِّدٌ رِدَاءَهُ فِي زَمْزَمَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ صَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ . فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ هِلاَلَ الْمُحَرَّمِ فَاعْدُدْ وَأَصْبِحْ يَوْمَ التَّاسِعِ صَائِمًا . قُلْتُ هَكَذَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصُومُهُ قَالَ نَعَمْ .
Hakam b. al-‘Araj reported: I went to Ibn ‘Abbas (RA) and he was reclining using his mantle as a pillow near the fountain of Zamzam. I said to him: “Tell me about fasting on ‘Aashuraa'”. He said: “When you see the new moon of Muharram then count the (days) and observe fast on the 9th”. I said to him: “Is it how the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed the fast?” He said: “Yes”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 2526
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ عُمَرَ بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَتَرَاءَيْنَا الْهِلاَلَ وَكُنْتُ رَجُلاً حَدِيدَ الْبَصَرِ فَرَأَيْتُهُ وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ رَآهُ غَيْرِي – قَالَ – فَجَعَلْتُ أَقُولُ لِعُمَرَ أَمَا تَرَاهُ فَجَعَلَ لاَ يَرَاهُ – قَالَ – يَقُولُ عُمَرُ سَأَرَاهُ وَأَنَا مُسْتَلْقٍ عَلَى فِرَاشِي . ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُرِينَا مَصَارِعَ أَهْلِ بَدْرِ بِالأَمْسِ يَقُولُ ” هَذَا مَصْرَعُ فُلاَنٍ غَدًا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ ” . قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْطَئُوا الْحُدُودَ الَّتِي حَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ- قَالَ – فَجُعِلُوا فِي بِئْرٍ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ فَانْطَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ ” يَا فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ وَيَا فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ هَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ مَا وَعَدَكُمُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ حَقًّا فَإِنِّي قَدْ وَجَدْتُ مَا وَعَدَنِيَ اللَّهُ حَقًّا ” . قَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ تُكَلِّمُ أَجْسَادًا لاَ أَرْوَاحَ فِيهَا قَالَ ” مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَعَ لِمَا أَقُولُ مِنْهُمْ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ أَنْ يَرُدُّوا عَلَىَّ شَيْئًا ” .
Anas b. Malik (RA) reported: We were along with Umar (RA) between Mecca and Medina that we began to look for the new moon. And I was a man with sharp eye- sight, so I could see it, but none except me saw it. I began to say to ‘Umar: “Don’t you see it?” But he would not see it. Thereupon Umar said: “I would soon be able to see it (when it will shine more brightly)”. I lay upon bed. He then made a mention of the people of Badr to us and said: “Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) showed us one day before (the actual battle) the place of death of the people (participating) in (the Battle) of Badr and he was saying: This would be the place of death of so and so tomorrow, if Allah wills”. Umar said: “By Him Who sent him with truth, they did not miss the places (of their death) which Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) had pointed for them”. Then they were all thrown in a well one after another. Allah’s Messenger (ﷺ) then went to them and said: “O, so and so, the son of so and so; O so and so, the son of so and so, have you found correct what Allah and His Messenger had promised you? I have, however, found absolutely true what Allah had promised with me”. Umar (RA) said: “Allah’s Messenger, how are you talking with the bodies without soul in them”. Thereupon he said: “You cannot hear more distinctly than (their hearing) of what I say, but with this exception that they have not power to make any reply”.
SAHIH MUSLIM: 6868
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: ”الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَلاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ ”.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Abdullah ibn Dinar from Abdullah ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “A month has twenty-nine days in it. Do not start the fast or break it until you see the new moon. If the new moon is obscured from you, then work out (when it should be)”.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Thawr ibn Zayd ad-Dili from Abdullah ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once mentioned Ramadan and said: “Do not start the fast or break it until you see the new moon. If the new moon is obscured from you, then complete a full thirty days”.
MUWATTA MALIK: 18.1.1
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ: ”لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلاَثِينَ ”.
Yahya related to me from Malik from Thawr ibn Zayd ad-Dili from Abdullah ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ once mentioned Ramadan and said: “Do not start the fast or break it until you see the new moon. If the new moon is obscured from you, then complete a full thirty days”.
MUWATTA MALIK: 18.1.3
عَنْ أَبِي عُمَيْرِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ عُمُومَةٍ، لَهُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَكْبًا جَاءُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّهُمْ رَأَوُا الْهِلاَلَ بِالأَمْسِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُفْطِرُوا وَإِذَا أَصْبَحُوا أَنْ يَغْدُوا إِلَى مُصَلاَّهُمْ .
Abu Umayr reported on the authority of some of his paternal uncles who were Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ): “Some men came riding to the Prophet ﷺ and testified that they had sighted the new moon the previous day. He (the Holy Prophet), therefore, commanded the people to break the fast and to go out to their place of prayer in the morning”.
ABU DAAWUD: 1153
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: “الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَلاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ ”
Ibn ‘Umar reported the Apostle of Allaah(ﷺ) as saying: “The month consists of twenty nine days, but do not fast till you sight it (the moon) and do not break your fast till you sight it. If the weather is cloudy, calculate it thirty days”.
ABU DAAWUD: 2312
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَيْسٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ، – رضى الله عنها – تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ مَا لاَ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ .
Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu’minin: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to count the days in Sha’ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted.
ABU DAAWUD: 2318
عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: ”لاَ تُقَدِّمُوا الشَّهْرَ حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ أَوْ تُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثُمَّ صُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ أَوْ تُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ “. .
Narrated Hudhayfah: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Do not fast (for Ramadan) before the coming of the month until you sight the moon or complete the number (of thirty days); then fast until you sight the moon or complete the number (of thirty days)”.
ABU DAAWUD: 2319
عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: ”لاَ تُقَدِّمُوا الشَّهْرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ وَلاَ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ شَىْءٌ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ ثُمَّ صُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ غَمَامَةٌ فَأَتِمُّوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلاَثِينَ ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا وَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ ”.
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Do not fast one day or two days just before Ramadan except in the case of a man who has been in the habit or observing a fast (on that day); and do not fast until you sight it (the moon). Then fast until you sight it. If a cloud appears on that day (i.e. 29th of Ramadan) then complete the number thirty (days) and then end the fasting: a month consists of twenty-nine days”.
ABU DAAWUD: 2320